class ActionController::Parameters

Action Controller Parameters

Allows you to choose which attributes should be whitelisted for mass updating and thus prevent accidentally exposing that which shouldn't be exposed. Provides two methods for this purpose: require and permit. The former is used to mark parameters as required. The latter is used to set the parameter as permitted and limit which attributes should be allowed for mass updating.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
  person: {
    name: 'Francesco',
    age:  22,
    role: 'admin'
  }
})

permitted = params.require(:person).permit(:name, :age)
permitted            # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco", "age"=>22} permitted: true>
permitted.permitted? # => true

Person.first.update!(permitted)
# => #<Person id: 1, name: "Francesco", age: 22, role: "user">

It provides two options that controls the top-level behavior of new instances:

Examples:

params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => false

ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true

params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => true

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456")
params.permit(:c)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true>

ActionController::Parameters.action_on_unpermitted_parameters = :raise

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456")
params.permit(:c)
# => ActionController::UnpermittedParameters: found unpermitted keys: a, b

Please note that these options *are not thread-safe*. In a multi-threaded environment they should only be set once at boot-time and never mutated at runtime.

You can fetch values of ActionController::Parameters using either :key or "key".

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(key: 'value')
params[:key]  # => "value"
params["key"] # => "value"

Constants

EMPTY_ARRAY
PERMITTED_SCALAR_TYPES

This is a white list of permitted scalar types that includes the ones supported in XML and JSON requests.

This list is in particular used to filter ordinary requests, String goes as first element to quickly short-circuit the common case.

If you modify this collection please update the API of permit above.

Attributes

parameters[R]

Public Class Methods

new(parameters = {}) click to toggle source

Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters. Also, sets the permitted attribute to the default value of ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters.

class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
end

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: 'Francesco')
params.permitted?  # => false
Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError

ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: 'Francesco')
params.permitted?  # => true
Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco">
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 142
def initialize(parameters = {})
  @parameters = parameters.with_indifferent_access
  @permitted = self.class.permit_all_parameters
end

Public Instance Methods

==(other) click to toggle source

Returns true if another Parameters object contains the same content and permitted flag.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 149
    def ==(other)
      if other.respond_to?(:permitted?)
        self.permitted? == other.permitted? && self.parameters == other.parameters
      elsif other.is_a?(Hash)
        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "          Comparing equality between `ActionController::Parameters` and a
          `Hash` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please only do
          comparisons between instances of `ActionController::Parameters`. If
          you need to compare to a hash, first convert it using
          `ActionController::Parameters#new`.
".squish
        @parameters == other.with_indifferent_access
      else
        @parameters == other
      end
    end
[](key) click to toggle source

Returns a parameter for the given key. If not found, returns nil.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: 'Francesco' })
params[:person] # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>
params[:none]   # => nil
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 408
def [](key)
  convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, @parameters[key])
end
[]=(key, value) click to toggle source

Assigns a value to a given key. The given key may still get filtered out when permit is called.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 414
def []=(key, value)
  @parameters[key] = value
end
converted_arrays() click to toggle source

Attribute that keeps track of converted arrays, if any, to avoid double looping in the common use case permit + mass-assignment. Defined in a method to instantiate it only if needed.

Testing membership still loops, but it's going to be faster than our own loop that converts values. Also, we are not going to build a new array object per fetch.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 216
def converted_arrays
  @converted_arrays ||= Set.new
end
deep_dup() click to toggle source

Returns duplicate of object including all parameters

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 651
def deep_dup
  self.class.new(@parameters.deep_dup).tap do |duplicate|
    duplicate.permitted = @permitted
  end
end
delete(key) click to toggle source

Deletes and returns a key-value pair from Parameters whose key is equal to key. If the key is not found, returns the default value. If the optional code block is given and the key is not found, pass in the key and return the result of block.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 539
def delete(key)
  convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.delete(key))
end
delete_if(&block)
Alias for: reject!
dig(*keys) click to toggle source

Extracts the nested parameter from the given keys by calling dig at each step. Returns nil if any intermediate step is nil.

params = ::new(foo: { bar: { baz: 1 } }) params.dig(:foo, :bar, :baz) # => 1 params.dig(:foo, :zot, :xyz) # => nil

params2 = ::new(foo: [10, 11, 12]) params2.dig(:foo, 1) # => 11

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 451
def dig(*keys)
  convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.dig(*keys))
end
each(&block)
Alias for: each_pair
each_pair() { |key, convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value)| ... } click to toggle source

Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each pair in the same way as Hash#each_pair

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 202
def each_pair(&block)
  @parameters.each_pair do |key, value|
    yield key, convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value)
  end
end
Also aliased as: each
except(*keys) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters instance that filters out the given keys.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.except(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false>
params.except(:d)     # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3} permitted: false>
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 480
def except(*keys)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.except(*keys))
end
extract!(*keys) click to toggle source

Removes and returns the key/value pairs matching the given keys.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.extract!(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false>
params                  # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false>
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 489
def extract!(*keys)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.extract!(*keys))
end
fetch(key, *args) { || ... } click to toggle source

Returns a parameter for the given key. If the key can't be found, there are several options: With no other arguments, it will raise an ActionController::ParameterMissing error; if more arguments are given, then that will be returned; if a block is given, then that will be run and its result returned.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: 'Francesco' })
params.fetch(:person)               # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>
params.fetch(:none)                 # => ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: none
params.fetch(:none, 'Francesco')    # => "Francesco"
params.fetch(:none) { 'Francesco' } # => "Francesco"
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 429
def fetch(key, *args)
  convert_value_to_parameters(
    @parameters.fetch(key) {
      if block_given?
        yield
      else
        args.fetch(0) { raise ActionController::ParameterMissing.new(key) }
      end
    }
  )
end
inspect() click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 597
def inspect
  "<#{self.class} #{@parameters} permitted: #{@permitted}>"
end
keep_if(&block)
Alias for: select!
merge(other_hash) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters with all keys from other_hash merges into current hash.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 577
def merge(other_hash)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(
    @parameters.merge(other_hash.to_h)
  )
end
merge!(other_hash) click to toggle source

Returns current ActionController::Parameters instance which other_hash merges into current hash.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 585
def merge!(other_hash)
  @parameters.merge!(other_hash.to_h)
  self
end
method_missing(method_sym, *args, &block) click to toggle source
Calls superclass method
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 632
    def method_missing(method_sym, *args, &block)
      if @parameters.respond_to?(method_sym)
        message = "          Method #{method_sym} is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1,
          as `ActionController::Parameters` no longer inherits from
          hash. Using this deprecated behavior exposes potential security
          problems. If you continue to use this method you may be creating
          a security vulnerability in your app that can be exploited. Instead,
          consider using one of these documented methods which are not
          deprecated: http://api.rubyonrails.org/v#{ActionPack.version}/classes/ActionController/Parameters.html
".squish
        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(message)
        @parameters.public_send(method_sym, *args, &block)
      else
        super
      end
    end
permit(*filters) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters instance that includes only the given filters and sets the permitted attribute for the object to true. This is useful for limiting which attributes should be allowed for mass updating.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { name: 'Francesco', age: 22, role: 'admin' })
permitted = params.require(:user).permit(:name, :age)
permitted.permitted?      # => true
permitted.has_key?(:name) # => true
permitted.has_key?(:age)  # => true
permitted.has_key?(:role) # => false

Only permitted scalars pass the filter. For example, given

params.permit(:name)

:name passes if it is a key of params whose associated value is of type String, Symbol, NilClass, Numeric, TrueClass, FalseClass, Date, Time, DateTime, StringIO, IO, ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile or Rack::Test::UploadedFile. Otherwise, the key :name is filtered out.

You may declare that the parameter should be an array of permitted scalars by mapping it to an empty array:

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(tags: ['rails', 'parameters'])
params.permit(tags: [])

You can also use permit on nested parameters, like:

params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
  person: {
    name: 'Francesco',
    age:  22,
    pets: [{
      name: 'Purplish',
      category: 'dogs'
    }]
  }
})

permitted = params.permit(person: [ :name, { pets: :name } ])
permitted.permitted?                    # => true
permitted[:person][:name]               # => "Francesco"
permitted[:person][:age]                # => nil
permitted[:person][:pets][0][:name]     # => "Purplish"
permitted[:person][:pets][0][:category] # => nil

Note that if you use permit in a key that points to a hash, it won't allow all the hash. You also need to specify which attributes inside the hash should be whitelisted.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
  person: {
    contact: {
      email: 'none@test.com',
      phone: '555-1234'
    }
  }
})

params.require(:person).permit(:contact)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true>

params.require(:person).permit(contact: :phone)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true>

params.require(:person).permit(contact: [ :email, :phone ])
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"email"=>"none@test.com", "phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true>
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 385
def permit(*filters)
  params = self.class.new

  filters.flatten.each do |filter|
    case filter
    when Symbol, String
      permitted_scalar_filter(params, filter)
    when Hash then
      hash_filter(params, filter)
    end
  end

  unpermitted_parameters!(params) if self.class.action_on_unpermitted_parameters

  params.permit!
end
permit!() click to toggle source

Sets the permitted attribute to true. This can be used to pass mass assignment. Returns self.

class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
end

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: 'Francesco')
params.permitted?  # => false
Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError
params.permit!
params.permitted?  # => true
Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco">
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 242
def permit!
  each_pair do |key, value|
    Array.wrap(value).each do |v|
      v.permit! if v.respond_to? :permit!
    end
  end

  @permitted = true
  self
end
permitted?() click to toggle source

Returns true if the parameter is permitted, false otherwise.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new
params.permitted? # => false
params.permit!
params.permitted? # => true
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 226
def permitted?
  @permitted
end
reject(&block) click to toggle source

Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters with items that the block evaluates to true removed.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 558
def reject(&block)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.reject(&block))
end
reject!(&block) click to toggle source

Removes items that the block evaluates to true and returns self.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 563
def reject!(&block)
  @parameters.reject!(&block)
  self
end
Also aliased as: delete_if
require(key) click to toggle source

This method accepts both a single key and an array of keys.

When passed a single key, if it exists and its associated value is either present or the singleton false, returns said value:

ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: 'Francesco' }).require(:person)
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false>

Otherwise raises ActionController::ParameterMissing:

ActionController::Parameters.new.require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person

ActionController::Parameters.new(person: nil).require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person

ActionController::Parameters.new(person: "\t").require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person

ActionController::Parameters.new(person: {}).require(:person)
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person

When given an array of keys, the method tries to require each one of them in order. If it succeeds, an array with the respective return values is returned:

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { ... }, profile: { ... })
user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile])

Otherwise, the method re-raises the first exception found:

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: {}, profile: {})
user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile])
# ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: user

Technically this method can be used to fetch terminal values:

# CAREFUL
params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: 'Finn' })
name = params.require(:person).require(:name) # CAREFUL

but take into account that at some point those ones have to be permitted:

def person_params
  params.require(:person).permit(:name).tap do |person_params|
    person_params.require(:name) # SAFER
  end
end

for example.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 303
def require(key)
  return key.map { |k| require(k) } if key.is_a?(Array)
  value = self[key]
  if value.present? || value == false
    value
  else
    raise ParameterMissing.new(key)
  end
end
Also aliased as: required
required(key)

Alias of require.

Alias for: require
select(&block) click to toggle source

Returns a new instance of ActionController::Parameters with only items that the block evaluates to true.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 545
def select(&block)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.select(&block))
end
select!(&block) click to toggle source

Equivalent to Hash#keep_if, but returns nil if no changes were made.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 550
def select!(&block)
  @parameters.select!(&block)
  self
end
Also aliased as: keep_if
slice(*keys) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters instance that includes only the given keys. If the given keys don't exist, returns an empty hash.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.slice(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false>
params.slice(:d)     # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: false>
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 463
def slice(*keys)
  new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.slice(*keys))
end
slice!(*keys) click to toggle source

Returns current ActionController::Parameters instance which contains only the given keys.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 469
def slice!(*keys)
  @parameters.slice!(*keys)
  self
end
to_h() click to toggle source

Returns a safe ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess representation of this parameter with all unpermitted keys removed.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
  name: 'Senjougahara Hitagi',
  oddity: 'Heavy stone crab'
})
params.to_h # => {}

safe_params = params.permit(:name)
safe_params.to_h # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi"}
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 177
def to_h
  if permitted?
    convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_h)
  else
    slice(*self.class.always_permitted_parameters).permit!.to_h
  end
end
to_unsafe_h() click to toggle source

Returns an unsafe, unfiltered ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess representation of this parameter.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new({
  name: 'Senjougahara Hitagi',
  oddity: 'Heavy stone crab'
})
params.to_unsafe_h
# => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi", "oddity" => "Heavy stone crab"}
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 195
def to_unsafe_h
  convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_unsafe_h)
end
Also aliased as: to_unsafe_hash
to_unsafe_hash()
Alias for: to_unsafe_h
transform_keys(&block) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters instance with the results of running block once for every key. The values are unchanged.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 518
def transform_keys(&block)
  if block
    new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(
      @parameters.transform_keys(&block)
    )
  else
    @parameters.transform_keys
  end
end
transform_keys!(&block) click to toggle source

Performs keys transformation and returns the altered ActionController::Parameters instance.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 530
def transform_keys!(&block)
  @parameters.transform_keys!(&block)
  self
end
transform_values(&block) click to toggle source

Returns a new ActionController::Parameters with the results of running block once for every value. The keys are unchanged.

params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3)
params.transform_values { |x| x * 2 }
# => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>2, "b"=>4, "c"=>6} permitted: false>
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 499
def transform_values(&block)
  if block
    new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(
      @parameters.transform_values(&block)
    )
  else
    @parameters.transform_values
  end
end
transform_values!(&block) click to toggle source

Performs values transformation and returns the altered ActionController::Parameters instance.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 511
def transform_values!(&block)
  @parameters.transform_values!(&block)
  self
end
values_at(*keys) click to toggle source

Returns values that were assigned to the given keys. Note that all the Hash objects will be converted to ActionController::Parameters.

# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 571
def values_at(*keys)
  convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.values_at(*keys))
end

Protected Instance Methods

fields_for_style?() click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 664
def fields_for_style?
  @parameters.all? { |k, v| k =~ /\A-?\d+\z/ && (v.is_a?(Hash) || v.is_a?(Parameters)) }
end
permitted=(new_permitted) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 660
def permitted=(new_permitted)
  @permitted = new_permitted
end

Private Instance Methods

array_of_permitted_scalars?(value) { |value| ... } click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 785
def array_of_permitted_scalars?(value)
  if value.is_a?(Array) && value.all? {|element| permitted_scalar?(element)}
    yield value
  end
end
convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 690
def convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value)
  converted = convert_value_to_parameters(value)
  @parameters[key] = converted unless converted.equal?(value)
  converted
end
convert_parameters_to_hashes(value, using) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 675
def convert_parameters_to_hashes(value, using)
  case value
  when Array
    value.map { |v| convert_parameters_to_hashes(v, using) }
  when Hash
    value.transform_values do |v|
      convert_parameters_to_hashes(v, using)
    end.with_indifferent_access
  when Parameters
    value.send(using)
  else
    value
  end
end
convert_value_to_parameters(value) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 696
def convert_value_to_parameters(value)
  case value
  when Array
    return value if converted_arrays.member?(value)
    converted = value.map { |_| convert_value_to_parameters(_) }
    converted_arrays << converted
    converted
  when Hash
    self.class.new(value)
  else
    value
  end
end
each_element(object) { |el| ... } click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 710
def each_element(object)
  case object
  when Array
    object.grep(Parameters).map { |el| yield el }.compact
  when Parameters
    if object.fields_for_style?
      hash = object.class.new
      object.each { |k,v| hash[k] = yield v }
      hash
    else
      yield object
    end
  end
end
hash_filter(params, filter) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 796
def hash_filter(params, filter)
  filter = filter.with_indifferent_access

  # Slicing filters out non-declared keys.
  slice(*filter.keys).each do |key, value|
    next unless value
    next unless has_key? key

    if filter[key] == EMPTY_ARRAY
      # Declaration { comment_ids: [] }.
      array_of_permitted_scalars?(self[key]) do |val|
        params[key] = val
      end
    elsif non_scalar?(value)
      # Declaration { user: :name } or { user: [:name, :age, { address: ... }] }.
      params[key] = each_element(value) do |element|
        element.permit(*Array.wrap(filter[key]))
      end
    end
  end
end
initialize_copy(source) click to toggle source
Calls superclass method
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 818
def initialize_copy(source)
  super
  @parameters = @parameters.dup
end
new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(hash) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 669
def new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(hash)
  self.class.new(hash).tap do |new_instance|
    new_instance.permitted = @permitted
  end
end
non_scalar?(value) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 791
def non_scalar?(value)
  value.is_a?(Array) || value.is_a?(Parameters)
end
permitted_scalar?(value) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 769
def permitted_scalar?(value)
  PERMITTED_SCALAR_TYPES.any? {|type| value.is_a?(type)}
end
permitted_scalar_filter(params, key) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 773
def permitted_scalar_filter(params, key)
  if has_key?(key) && permitted_scalar?(self[key])
    params[key] = self[key]
  end

  keys.grep(/\A#{Regexp.escape(key)}\(\d+[if]?\)\z/) do |k|
    if permitted_scalar?(self[k])
      params[k] = self[k]
    end
  end
end
unpermitted_keys(params) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 738
def unpermitted_keys(params)
  self.keys - params.keys - self.always_permitted_parameters
end
unpermitted_parameters!(params) click to toggle source
# File lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb, line 725
def unpermitted_parameters!(params)
  unpermitted_keys = unpermitted_keys(params)
  if unpermitted_keys.any?
    case self.class.action_on_unpermitted_parameters
    when :log
      name = "unpermitted_parameters.action_controller"
      ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument(name, keys: unpermitted_keys)
    when :raise
      raise ActionController::UnpermittedParameters.new(unpermitted_keys)
    end
  end
end